![]() The server is operated by one or more workstations that are used for system configurations, interactive access and alarm notifications, and reports. It also includes access control events (requests/authorizations/denials) and alarm events. The server maintains one or more databases including the master database of authorized users, equipment configuration records, access control groups, and schedules. The access control panel communicates to a server via a proprietary or TCP/IP computer network. ![]() These devices connect to an access control panel, which grants access authorizations based upon comparing the credential presented at the door against a database of authorized credentials. Pedestrian access control portals typically include a door, a credential reader, an electronically controlled door lock, a door position switch, and a request-to-exit sensor. The most obvious elements of an electronic access control system are the field elements: access control system portals (for pedestrians or vehicles), alarm sensors, and any controlled devices such as roll-up doors and lights. These include the users, policies and procedures, the management and reporting structure, and the use of the system to enhance continuing evaluation of the overall security program. What are not so obvious are the “soft” elements of the Access Control System. Electronic access control systems are comprised of field equipment (sensors and controlled devices), decision modules, a communications network, one or more databases, and one or more human interface terminals (computer workstations). From this point forward we will assume that the systems we are discussing have an alarm system element. Most electronic access control systems also function as an intrusion alarm system. ![]() A security portal is an entry into or out of a security boundary. Norman CPP/PSP, in Electronic Access Control (Second Edition), 2017 The BasicsĮlectronic access control systems are digital networks that control access to security portals.
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